Vanilla planifolia is a species of vanilla orchid. It is native to Mexico and Belize. It is one of the primary sources for vanilla flavouring, due to its high vanillin content. Common names include flat-leaved vanilla, and West Indian vanilla (also used for the Pompona vanilla, V. pompona). With the species’ population in decline and its habitats being converted to other purposes, the IUCN has assessed Vanilla planifolia as endangered.